A 16th century European stirrup

A 16th century European stirrup, of arched form with fluted sides and pierced along the lower edge, block shaped suspension, tread plate formed of one flat and one twisted bar front and rear, two further twisted bars between; another similar stirrup with lower arch and solid tread plate; and a steel rowel spur, heel band with medial ridge, neck formed of opposed scrolls, large rowel with nine diamond-shaped spikes. [3]